Mbere yo kubika, gutwara no gutunganya imboga zasaruwe, ubushyuhe bwo mu murima bugomba kuvaho vuba, kandi inzira yo gukonjesha vuba ubushyuhe bwayo ku bushyuhe bwagenwe yitwa precooling.Mbere yo gukonjesha birashobora gukumira ubwiyongere bwubushyuhe bwibidukikije buterwa nubushyuhe bwubuhumekero, bityo bikagabanya ubukana bwubuhumekero bwimboga no kugabanya igihombo nyuma yisarura.Ubwoko butandukanye nubwoko bwimboga busaba ibihe bitandukanye mbere yo gukonjesha, kandi uburyo bukwiye bwo gukonjesha nabwo buratandukanye.Kugirango utegure imboga mugihe nyuma yo gusarura, nibyiza kubikora aho byaturutse.
Uburyo mbere yo gukonjesha imboga zirimo ahanini ibi bikurikira:
1. Gukonjesha bisanzwe gushira imboga zasaruwe ahantu hakonje kandi hahumeka, kugirango ubushyuhe busanzwe bwogukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa bugere ku ntego yo gukonja.Ubu buryo buroroshye kandi bworoshye gukora nta bikoresho.Nuburyo bushoboka bushoboka ahantu hafite ibihe bibi.Nyamara, ubu buryo bwa precooling bugabanywa nubushyuhe bwo hanze muri kiriya gihe, kandi ntibishoboka kugera ku bushyuhe bwa preololing busabwa nibicuruzwa.Byongeye kandi, precooling igihe ni kirekire kandi ingaruka ni mbi.Mu majyaruguru, ubu buryo bwo gukonjesha busanzwe bukoreshwa mu kubika imyumbati y'Ubushinwa.
2. Ububiko bukonje bukonje (Precooling Room) buzashyira ibicuruzwa byimboga bipakiye mumasanduku yo gupakira mububiko bukonje.Hagomba kubaho icyuho kiri hagati yicyerekezo kimwe nicyerekezo kimwe nu mwuka uva mu kirere uhumeka ububiko bukonje kugirango harebwe niba ubushyuhe bwibicuruzwa buzavaho mugihe umwuka utambutse neza.Kugirango ugere ku ngaruka nziza yo gukonjesha, umuvuduko w’umwuka mu bubiko ugomba kugera kuri metero 1-2 ku isegonda, ariko ntigomba kuba nini cyane kugirango wirinde umwuma mwinshi w’imboga nshya.Ubu buryo nuburyo busanzwe bwa precooling kurubu kandi burashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwose bwimboga.
3. Gukonjesha ikirere ku gahato (ubukonje butandukanye) ni ugukora umwuka wumuvuduko utandukanye kumpande zombi zipakira agasanduku karimo ibicuruzwa, kuburyo umwuka ukonje uhatirwa muri buri gasanduku gapakira hanyuma ukanyura kuri buri gicuruzwa, bityo ukuraho ubushyuhe bwibicuruzwa.Ubu buryo bwihuta inshuro 4 kugeza 10 kurenza ububiko bukonje bukonje, mugihe kubika ubukonje bukonje bishobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwibicuruzwa biva hejuru yububiko.Ubu buryo bwa precooling burakoreshwa no ku mboga nyinshi.Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gukonjesha guhumeka.Uburyo bwo gukonjesha umuyoboro bwakoreshejwe imyaka myinshi muri Afrika yepfo no muri Amerika.Nyuma yubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’abakozi ba siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga, Ubushinwa bwakoze ikigo cyoroheje cyo guhumeka.
Uburyo bwihariye nugushira ibicuruzwa mumasanduku ifite ibisobanuro bimwe hamwe nu mwobo umwe uhumeka, shyira agasanduku mumurongo urukiramende, usige icyuho mucyerekezo kirekire cyerekezo cya stack center, utwikire impande zombi za stack no hejuru ya igipande neza hamwe na canvas cyangwa firime ya pulasitike, impera yacyo imwe ihujwe numufana kugirango unanuke, kuburyo icyuho kiri muri stack center kigizwe na zone de depression, bigatuma umwuka ukonje kumpande zombi za canvas zidafunguye winjira hasi- agace k'umuvuduko uva mu mwobo uhumeka w'agasanduku k'ipaki, Ubushyuhe mu bicuruzwa bukorerwa ahantu h'umuvuduko muke, hanyuma bukajugunywa mu kirindiro n'umufana kugira ngo bigere ku ngaruka za precooling.Ubu buryo bugomba kwitondera uburyo bukwiye bwo gupakira no gushyira mu buryo bushyize canvas hamwe nabafana, kugirango umwuka ukonje ushobora kwinjira gusa mu mwobo wa firimu ku gipfunyika, bitabaye ibyo ingaruka za precooling ntizagerwaho.
4. Vacuum precooling (Vacuum Cooler) nugushira imboga mubintu bifunze, guhita ukuramo umwuka mubikoresho, kugabanya umuvuduko uri muri kontineri, no gutuma ibicuruzwa bikonja kubera guhumeka kwamazi yo hejuru.Ku muvuduko usanzwe w'ikirere (101.3 kPa, 760 mm Hg *), amazi azunguruka kuri 100 ℃, kandi iyo umuvuduko ugabanutse kuri 0.53 kPa, amazi arashobora guhinduka kuri 0 ℃.Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutseho 5 ℃, hafi 1% yuburemere bwibicuruzwa biva mu kirere.Kugirango udatuma imboga zitakaza amazi menshi, shyiramo amazi mbere yo gukonjesha.Ubu buryo burakoreshwa mugutondagura imboga zibabi.Byongeye kandi, nka asparagus, ibihumyo, imikurire ya Bruxelles, n'ibishyimbo byo mu Buholandi nabyo birashobora gukonjeshwa mbere na vacuum.Uburyo bwa vacuum precooling bushobora gushyirwa mubikorwa gusa nigikoresho cyihariye cya vacuum precooling, kandi ishoramari ni rinini.Kugeza ubu, ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane cyane mbere yo guhunika imboga zoherezwa mu Bushinwa.
5. Amazi akonje (Hydro Cooler) ni ugutera amazi akonje (hafi 0 ℃ bishoboka) ku mboga, cyangwa gushira imboga mumazi akonje kugirango ugere ku ntego yo gukonjesha imboga.Kubera ko ubushyuhe bwamazi ari bunini cyane kuruta ubw'umwuka, uburyo bukonje bwo gukonjesha amazi akoresheje amazi kuko uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwihuta kuruta uburyo bwo guhumeka, kandi amazi akonje arashobora kongera gukoreshwa.Nyamara, amazi akonje agomba kwanduzwa, bitabaye ibyo ibicuruzwa bizanduzwa na mikorobe.Kubwibyo, imiti yica udukoko igomba kongerwamo amazi akonje.
Ibikoresho byuburyo bukonje bwamazi akonje ni chiller yamazi, nayo igomba guhanagurwa namazi kenshi mugihe cyo kuyakoresha.Uburyo bukonje bwamazi akonje burashobora guhuzwa nogusukura nyuma yisarura no kwanduza imboga.Ubu buryo bwo gukonjesha bukoreshwa cyane cyane ku mboga n'imbuto n'imboga, ariko ntibireba imboga.
6. Menyesha urubura mbere yo gukonjesha (Injection ya Ice) ninyongera kubundi buryo bwo gukonjesha.Nugushira urubura rwajanjaguwe cyangwa uruvange rwa bara hamwe numunyu hejuru yibicuruzwa byimboga mubikoresho bipakira cyangwa imodoka cyangwa gari ya moshi.Ibi birashobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwibicuruzwa, kwemeza ibicuruzwa bishya mugihe cyo gutwara, kandi bikagira uruhare mbere yo gukonja.Nyamara, ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa gusa kubicuruzwa bihura nubura kandi ntibizateza ibyangiritse.Nka epinari, broccoli na radis.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-03-2022